According to official estimates in India, 10,749 people were killed, 5,640 people were missing and thousands of people became homeless when a tsunami triggered by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake near the Indonesian island of Sumatra struck the southern coast on 26 December 2004. On the east coast of Phuket Island, the tsunami height was about 2 m. In one river mouth, many boats were damaged. Local camcorder footage showed the tsunami surging inland and flooding camping equipment at the Similan Islands while the tsunami caught tourists unaware at the Surin Islands, and dragging them out towards the sea. The tsunami severely affected the Maldives at a distance of 2,500km (1,600mi) from the epicentre. Footage showed evidence of back-flowing of the Aceh River, carrying debris and people from destroyed villages at the coast and transporting them up to 40km (25mi) inland. The lack of food, clean water, and medical treatmentcombined with the enormous task faced by relief workers trying to get supplies into some remote areas where roads had been destroyed or where civil war ragedextended the list of casualties. Local footage recorded showed the tsunami flooding the streets up to knee level in town, while another video taken at the beach showed the tsunami slowly flooding and gradually surging inland.
[145], The 2004 earthquake and tsunami combined is the world's deadliest natural disaster since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. Additionally, amateur footage recorded in the middle of the city captured an approaching black surge flowing down the city streets, full of debris, inundating them. The main concern of humanitarian and government agencies was to provide sanitation facilities and fresh drinking water to contain the spread of diseases such as cholera, diphtheria, dysentery, typhoid and hepatitis A and hepatitis B. Survivors walk through the debris on Phuket's Patong beach the day after the tsunami, Captain Sathaporn Sawangpuk's ship rode the tsunami wave, Emergency worker Wittaya Tantawanich: "I closed my eyes, prayed, and prepared to die", Somchai and Primpraow Jitpentom, who treated the injured while on holiday, Samran Chanyang was called to duty while knowing his son was missing, Dr Weerawit Sarideepan: "There were thousands of dead bodies waiting to be identified", Hundreds of coffins lie inside Yan Yao temple in December 2004, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims. Hundreds of people were sent in. 1,720 foot Definition of nonohmic : not ohmic specifically, of a circuit : not having the property that a potential difference of one volt produces, What animals are extinct in 2015? How many U joints does a driveshaft have? Edie Fassnidge lost both her mother and sister in the tsunami. The India Plate meets the Burma Plate (which is considered a portion of the great Eurasian Plate) at the Sunda Trench. Review how underwater earthquakes, volcanoes, or landslides can generate tsunamis, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Indian-Ocean-tsunami-of-2004, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Impact of 2004 Tsunami in the Islands of Indian Ocean: Lessons Learned, Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Read about our approach to external linking. [83] The shrine's compound, nearby villages, hundreds of shops, homes and pilgrims were washed away into the sea. The tsunami that struck Indonesia in 2004 obliterated vast areas of Aceh province. Scientists believe it is the birds' ability to hear infrasound low-frequency sounds inaudible to humans that allows the birds to sense storms and tsunamis coming. The shift of mass and the massive release of energy slightly altered the Earth's rotation. Moreover, the tsunami was detected by scuba divers around offshore islands like the Similan Islands and the Surin Islands. The survey, conducted using a high-resolution, multi-beam sonar system, revealed that the earthquake had made a considerable impact on the topography of the seabed. The measured tsunami height on this beach was 5.8m (19ft). [citation needed] Presence of seawalls at the Kerala and Tamil Nadu coasts reduced the impact of the waves. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The country has a total of 77 tsunamis on record. Rhodes Elementary School was able to reopen after getting some help from supermodel Petra Nemcova. Its over 1,700-foot wave was the largest ever recorded for a tsunami. Interviews with the locals revealed that the sea temporarily receded and exposed coral reefs. [21], Indonesia lies between the Pacific Ring of Fire along the north-eastern islands adjacent to New Guinea, and the Alpide belt that runs along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores to Timor.
How many buildings did the 2004 tsunami destroy? On some locations, a coastal road was built which was higher than the shore, protecting a hotel which was behind it. Answer 3: Tsunamis are generated by waves due to vertical motion of Earth's crust caused by earthquakes. [158], The tsunami had a severe humanitarian and political impact in Sweden. Coasts that have a landmass between them and the tsunami's location of origin are usually safe; however, tsunami waves can sometimes diffract around such landmasses. Then dead bodies started to come in. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Sathaporn Sawangpuk - captain of the Mahidol ship, We were on our way back from a month-long marine research trip in the Indian Ocean. There was also a great concern that the death toll could increase as disease and hunger spread. 1400. Kristina Frjmark, 47, Swedish reality TV star. What happened? It is thought that approximately 10,000 British nationals were in the affected region when the tsunami struck. [15] The plight of the affected people and countries prompted a worldwide humanitarian response, with donations totalling more than US$14 billion. It wasn't the earthquake that destroyed japan it was the tsunami that followed. The seismograms are arranged vertically by distance from the epicentre in degrees. As I stepped into the temple, I could smell dead bodies the way I never had before in my life. Island folklore recounted an earthquake and tsunami in 1907, and the islanders fled to inland hills after the initial shaking and before the tsunami struck. Tsunamis there are relatively rare despite earthquakes being relatively frequent in Indonesia. The first wave came rapidly landward from the south-west as a turbulent bore about 0.52.5m (1.68.2ft) high. Despite its proximity to the incident, Malaysia escaped the kind of damage that struck countries thousands of miles further away (most of its western coast is shielded by Sumatra). As I looked toward the shore of the island, I saw one big wave hit the beach and sweep umbrellas and chairs down into the sea. 165184. A week after the earthquake, its reverberations could still be measured, providing valuable scientific data about the Earth's interior. The state of Kerala experienced tsunami-related damage in three southern densely populated districts, Ernakulam, Alappuzha, and Kollam, due to diffraction of the waves around Sri Lanka. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. It didn't take long before the whole city was in mayhem. It inundated five square miles of land and cleared hundreds of thousands of trees. We had no place for them so they were wrapped in plastic and white sheets before laying on the ground all over the temple. An unusually high number of the victims appear to have been children, lost to epic waves that swept away the weak, the old and the young. We decided to help only the injured survivors and we finally rescued at least 414 tourists and locals, and transferred them to a more equipped hospital on Phuket. [125], The Colombo-based International Water Management Institute monitored the effects of saltwater and concluded that the wells recovered to pre-tsunami drinking water quality one-and-a-half years after the event. The measured tsunami height was 4.6m (15ft) in the port. The tsunami stranded cargo ships, barges and destroyed a cement mining facility near the Lampuuk coast, where it reached the fourth level of the building. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? [159], Smith Dharmasaroja, a meteorologist who had predicted that an earthquake and tsunami "is going to occur for sure" way back in 1994,[160][161] was assigned the development of the Thai tsunami warning system. Polythene bags, king coconut . Raw power of the earth is scary. What was the location of the earthquake that caused the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? Do you need underlay for laminate flooring on concrete? How big was the tsunami that killed the dinosaurs? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Mara Beln [97][98], Tidal surges also occurred along the Western Australian coast that lasted for several hours, resulting in boats losing their moorings and two people needing to be rescued. [155], The tsunami left both the people and government of India in a state of heightened alert. I led the prayer ceremony on the morning of 26 December 2004, which was a Buddhist holy day. Other aftershocks of up to magnitude 6.6 continued to shake the region daily for three or four months. From the beginning local people took care of him and then a Swedish family found him., 143 Numerous aftershocks were reported off the Andaman Islands, the Nicobar Islands and the region of the original epicentre in the hours and days that followed. Although the extreme western edge of the Ring of Fire extends into the Indian Ocean (the point where the earthquake struck), no warning system exists in that ocean. Also, the spread of solid and liquid waste and industrial chemicals, water pollution and the destruction of sewage collectors and treatment plants threaten the environment even further, in untold ways. Most of them had broken bones or cuts on their bodies. I heard on my walkie-talkie that the second wave had hit. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. [170] Many charities were given considerable donations from the public. July 1, 2022 by by The hardest-hit country outside Asia, Sweden, lost 543 tourists, mainly in Thailand. [133] [66], A group of small islands: Weh, Breueh, Nasi, Teunom, Bunta, Lumpat, and Batee lie just north of the capital city. Between 1998-2017, tsunamis caused more than 250 000 deaths globally, including more than 227 000 deaths due to the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. Given that over 51,000 vessels were lost to the tsunami, the industry boomed. A second team found similar evidence of previous tsunamis in Aceh, a province at the northern tip of Sumatra; radiocarbon dating of bark fragments in the soil below the second sand layer led the scientists to estimate that the most recent predecessor to the 2004 tsunami probably occurred between A.D. 1300 and 1450. I did this many times but my husband had never seen the underwater world. Khao Lak also experienced the largest tsunami run-up height outside of Sumatra. The earthquake registered 9.1-9.3 M w and was the largest in five decades.
Does many people die from tsunami? - UC Santa Barbara This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Earthquake and subsequent tsunami in the Indian Ocean, Campbell, Matthew; Loveard, Keith; et al. with a marginal drop in sea level. The epicenter was just off the coast The tsunami in Khao Lak was bigger due to offshore coral reefs and shallow seafloor which caused the tsunami to pile-up. [142], The last major tsunami in the Indian Ocean was about A.D. [100] An initial report by Siti Fadilah Supari, the Indonesian Minister of Health at the time, estimated the death total to be as high as 220,000 in Indonesia alone, giving a total of 280,000 fatalities. On Karon Beach, Kamala Beach and Kata Beach, the tsunami came in like a surging flood inland carrying people and cars. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Did anyone survive the 2004 tsunami? The raising of the seafloor significantly reduced the capacity of the Indian Ocean, producing a permanent rise in the global sea level by an estimated 0.1mm (0.004in).[27]. Some economists believe that damage to the affected national economies will be minor because losses in the tourism and fishing industries are a relatively small percentage of the GDP. Some locations reported that the waves had reached a height of 30 feet (9 metres) or more when they hit the shoreline. [82] A video recorded by locals showed the tsunami flooding the beach and villages, causing despair amongst the villagers.
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami - Wikipedia Rahmat Saiful Bahri survived the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 that swept over Indonesias Aceh province. What is the tallest tsunami ever recorded? [141] Due to multiple factors, there was a 71.6% drop in the number of piracy incidents between 2004 and 2005, from 60 to 17 incidents. Most of the victims were reported along the low-lying Xaafuun Peninsula. The largest amplitude signals are seismic surface waves that reach the antipode after about 100 minutes. On December 26, 2004, a 9.1 magnitude earthquake unleashed massive tidal waves across South Asia. Before the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami reached Sri Lanka, many animals, like this elephant, moved to high ground and survived. Traduzioni in contesto per "alla catastrofe dello tsunami" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: La TEC rappresenta uno sforzo di collaborazione tra le organizzazioni che si occupano degli aiuti al fine di trarre insegnamenti dalla risposta fornita alla catastrofe dello tsunami. [31], The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake is thought to have triggered activity in both Leuser Mountain[32] and Mount Talang,[33] volcanoes in Aceh along the same range of peaks, while the 2005 NiasSimeulue earthquake had sparked activity in Lake Toba, an ancient crater in Sumatra. A person will be just swept up in it and carried along as debris; theres no swimming out of a tsunami, Garrison-Laney says. [152], In a poll conducted in 27 countries, 15% of respondents named the tsunami the most significant event of the year. [5][68][69], Meulaboh, a remote coastal city, was among the hardest hit by the tsunami.
Boxing Day tsunami: Facts about the 2004 disaster Other towns on Aceh's west coast hit by the disaster included Leupung, Lhokruet, Lamno, Patek, Calang, and Teunom.
Mount Vesuvius Didn't Kill Everyone in Pompeii. Where Did the Survivors Rahmat Saiful Bahri survived the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 that swept over Indonesias Aceh province. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. We were happy to help many people that day. Along the Mexican coast, the waves were 30-50 m. Some geologists suggest that the Chicxulub tsunami reached Chicago, Montana, or Canada. You may find some of the details distressing. [4] Radar satellites recorded the heights of tsunami waves in deep water: maximum height was at 600mm (2ft) two hours after the earthquake, the first such observations ever made. [65], Lhoknga is a small coastal community about 13km (8.1mi) south-west of Banda Aceh, located on a flat coastal plain in between two rainforest-covered hills, overlooking a large bay and famous for its large swathe of white sandy beach and surfing activities. As the water came back, one food seller ran back and told everyone in that area to run away from the beachfront as far as possible. The southwestern shores are a hotspot for tourists and fishing. She and her boyfriend were both. As at the end of September 2006, there were 150 confirmed British dead and one highly likely to have died, giving a total of 151. Several near-shore establishments and numerous infrastructures such as seawalls and a 20 MW diesel-generated power plant at Bamboo Flat were destroyed. A massive tsunami with waves up to 30m (100ft) high, known in some countries as the Boxing Day Tsunami after the Boxing Day holiday, devastated communities along the surrounding coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries in one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. The slip did not happen instantaneously but took place in two phases over several minutes: [citation needed], The hardest-hit area, Aceh, is a religiously conservative Islamic society and has had no tourism nor any Western presence in recent years due to the insurgency between the Indonesian military and Free Aceh Movement (GAM). [15] The earthquake (followed by the tsunami) was felt in Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. [93], Interviews with local people indicate that they did not feel the earthquake in Taninthayi Division or Ayeyarwaddy Delta. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The tsunami first struck the eastern coastline and subsequently refracted around the southern point of Sri Lanka (Dondra Head). All of a sudden, I felt the ship lift and swing to the left and to the right. The tsunami caused one of the largest natural disasters in recorded history, killing at least 225,000 people across a dozen countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand sustaining massive damage. [citation needed] Then-UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan stated that reconstruction would probably take between five and ten years.
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